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The Nisga'a and Haida Crest Poles of the Royal Ontario Museum are a collection of four large totem poles (sometimes referred to as "crest poles"), hand carved from western red cedar by the Nisga’a people and Haida people of British Columbia's coast. The poles are referred to as: ''Three Persons Along'' (Nisga'a); the ''Pole of Sag̱aw̓een'' (Nisga'a); the ''Shaking Pole of Kw’ax̱suu'' (Nisga'a); ''House 16: Strong House Pole'' (Haida). Each of the crest poles tell a family story, as carved figures represent crests that commemorate family history by describing family origins, achievements and experiences.〔( "Young girl and boy looking at crest pole (929.77.2), north staircase, ROM" ), ''Royal Ontario Museum'', Retrieved on 2 March 2013.〕 These memorial poles were typically placed in front of the owners' house along the beach.〔Halpin, Marjorie M. ''Totem Poles: An Illustrated Guide'', UBC Press, 1981, p. 23. from (Books" )〕 The Nisga'a crest poles were acquired by C.M. Barbeau, and the Royal Ontario Museum received them in the early 1920s. However, due to the large size of the poles, they could not be put on display until an expansion of the museum in 1933.〔 Notably, the largest of the four crest poles, the ''Pole of Sag̱aw̓een'', stands over 〔( "Royal Ontario Museum Profile" ), ''Toronto.com'', 2013. Retrieved on 2 March 2013.〕 and is the tallest known example of a pole from the 19th century.〔Halpin, Marjorie M. ''Totem Poles: An Illustrated Guide'' UBC Press, 1981, p. 23. from (Books" )〕 The poles can be found in the Royal Ontario Museum, just outside of the Daphne Cockwell Gallery of Canada: First Peoples, where the central staircase of the museum winds around them. These crest poles are part of the museum's list of "must-see" iconic objects.〔( "Iconic: Totem Poles (Video)" ), ''Royal Ontario Museum'', August 29, 2012. Retrieved on 2 March 2013.〕 == ''Three Persons Along'' (Nisga'a) == ''Three Persons Along'' is a memorial pole that was carved by Axts'ip, a member of the Fireweed clan, to commemorate Chief Ksim Xsaan of the Raven Tribe. Although technically an unnamed memorial pole, it is often referred to as ''Three Persons Along'' in reference to the vertical position of the three human figures carved on the pole. This pole was raised in 1860 and is carved from cedar. It is originally from the village of Gitlaxt’aamiks, Nass River, British Columbia. It was cut down in 1918 and later sold to the Royal Ontario Museum. The pole is high.〔 The figures on the pole (listed from top to bottom) are: # Person of Lizards # Person of Lizards # Person holding Flying Frog The figures on the pole represent creatures that lived in a shallow lake that was located east of today's village of Gitwinksihlkw. This lake was covered over by lava in a volcanic eruption sometime in the 1700s and no longer exists. Where the lake once existed, is now the Nisga'a Memorial Lava Bed Provincial Park. Notably, ''Three Persons Along'' is one of only three complete poles that was preserved of the 24 poles from the Village of Gitlaxt’aamiks; the rest were reportedly destroyed in the early 20th century.〔(""Village of Gitlaxt’aamiks" ), ''Ancient Villages & Totem Poles of the Nisga'a'', Retrieved on 9 March 2013.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nisga'a and Haida Crest Poles of the Royal Ontario Museum」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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